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Author Guidelines

Please use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before submitting it to the journal for review.

1. The recommended primary sequence of sections is: Introduction – Research/Experimental Methods – Results and Discussion – Conclusions. Authors may include additional sections as needed, but the core structure should follow this order as the foundational organization of the manuscript.
   
2. Title: The title should contain no more than 20 words and plainly convey the central research problem. Place the most important technical terms at the beginning to enhance discoverability, and avoid unfamiliar acronyms so that readers and indexing services immediately grasp the study’s focus.
3. Abstract: Write a single‑paragraph abstract and no more than 250 words that clearly presents the background, outlines the key methodological approach, and highlights the principal scientific or technical findings along with the study’s novelty. Conclude the abstract with 3 to 7 keywords—every keyword must already appear in the abstract text and should be ordered from most to least relevant to the article’s content. 
4. Introduction: Begin by situating the topic within its broader scientific context and summarising the most significant advances mainly from the last 10 years of primary literature, drawing on at least 15 peer‑reviewed international journal sources (no less than 80% of the total references). Identify the unresolved research gap, explain its importance, and contrast your approach with previous work to underscore methodological, data‑related, or conceptual novelty. Close the section with a concise statement of your research objectives and primary contributions.
5. Research/Experimental Methods: Describe, in sufficient detail for replication, all materials, key instruments—including manufacturers, models, and accuracy—data sources, study locations, and procedural steps. Routine laboratory items may be omitted, but novel or adapted protocols must be fully explained and appropriately cited. For electronic circuit diagrams, provide vector images (or raster files at ≥ 1000 dpi) with component labels and pin numbers in 8–10 pt font, readable at 200 % zoom, and with line weights of ≤ 1 pt; include code listings only when they are essential for reproducibility, presenting concise excerpts of core algorithms with inline explanations.
6. Results and Discussion: Present the principal findings first, supplying quantitative evidence such as means with standard deviations. Use tables and figures for complex data and refer to each one in the narrative. Interpret the mechanisms underlying the results, relate them directly to the studies cited in the Introduction, and discuss any agreements or discrepancies, considering factors such as sample size or methodological differences. Emphasize how your results close the stated gap and advance the field.
7. Conclusion: In a single, tightly written paragraph, state whether the hypotheses were supported or refuted and link the findings back to relevant literature, making clear how the work extends scientific or technological knowledge. You may briefly note practical implications or suggest directions for future research where appropriate.
8. References: Cite at least 15 sources, ensuring that 80% come from recent international peer‑reviewed journals and that the same proportion possess digital object identifiers (DOIs). Follow IEEE style meticulously, guarantee that every reference is cited in the text. For non‑English works—which may account for no more than 25% of all references—present the original title followed by an English translation in square brackets and finish the entry with “(in [language])”. Use Mendeley to compile your bibliography and adhere to the guidelines provided in the template.
9. Figures and Tables: Prepare diagrams as vector graphics wherever possible; raster images must meet minimum resolutions of 500 dpi for photographs and 1000 dpi for line art. All embedded text should appear in 8 to 10‑point type and remain legible at 200‑percent zoom, while line weights should not exceed one point to keep labels clear. Select colour schemes that remain interpretable for colour‑blind readers and still convey information accurately when printed in grayscale.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The manuscript is original, has not been published elsewhere, and is not under consideration by another journal.

2. The submitting author is responsible for the manuscript throughout the submission and peer review process and confirms that all co-authors have approved the submission.

3. All necessary institutional approvals and ethical clearances (if required) have been obtained before submission.
4. I agree to pay all applicable non-refundable fees as outlined in the Author Fee section.

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