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Author Guidelines

Please use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before submitting it to the journal for review.

1. The article has not been published in any other Media and is not currently being submitted to another journal.
2. The submitting author is responsible for the manuscript throughout the submission and peer review process. They must ensure that the manuscript has received approval from all co-authors and complies with the required institutional approvals.
3. The article is written in English using academic language along with standard academic writing structure and composition using Microsoft Word 2016 (*.docx) or later. Your manuscript must adhere to the template; otherwise, you may use the Template Adjustment Service.
4. The Title: Keep it concise (ideally ≤ 20 words) and reflective of the core problem. Avoid nonstandard acronyms or humour; use key technical terms near the beginning to enhance discoverability.
5. The Abstract: Structure as a single paragraph (max 250) containing: background (why the study was undertaken), methods (key approach), and results (main quantitative findings and novelty of the work. Include 3–5 keywords (all must appear in the abstract) to aid indexing.
6. The Introduction: Outline the state-of-the-art that summarize key advances primary from peer-reviewed international journals within the specific field relevant to the title. Identify a clear research gap or unresolved problem and explain why addressing this gap. End the Introduction with a concise statement of the research objective(s) and main contribution(s).
7. The Research Method: Describe materials, instrumentation, data sources, and procedures in sufficient detail for another researcher to reproduce the work. If adopting or adapting existing methods, cite the original protocol; if novel, provide full descriptions and any validation steps.
8. The Results and Discussion: Report key findings first in text. Use figures and tables to display complex data. Compare your results directly to studies cited in the Introduction; highlight agreements or discrepancies and possible reasons. Emphasize the novelty and contribution—explain how the findings fill the identified gap and advance the field.
9. The Conclusion: Summarize the main outcomes in one brief paragraph, stating whether the hypotheses were supported or refuted. Relate findings to previous literature and explain how this study advances scientific or technological knowledge. Optionally, note practical implications and recommend future directions.
10. The References: Cite a minimum of 15 sources, with the majority from peer-reviewed international journals and use IEEE style. Ensure all references are cited in the text.
    Use Mendeley to compile your bibliography and adhere to the guidelines provided in the template.
11. Figures and Tables: Use vector formats for diagrams; if rasterized, provide ≥ 500 dpi for images and ≥ 1000 dpi for line art. Ensure all text inside figures/tables is 8–10 pt and readable at 200% zoom. Use a line weights ≤ 1 pt for box outlines so text is not obscured. Ensure every figure/table is mentioned in the text. If using colour, verify readability for colour-blind readers (e.g., avoid red/green contrasts); ensure grayscale clarity if printed.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).

2. The type of article sent is: research reports (laboratory, field, archives), conceptual ideas, theory applications, issues reports, or review.

3. The submission file is a Microsoft Word 2016 or later document (*.docx), written in English.
4. I agree to pay all applicable non-refundable fees as outlined in the Author Fee section.

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