Air pollution dispersion modeling of runway and apron at Sam Ratulangi international airport

Abstract

Air pollution generated from airport activities has become public concern and the subject of more rigorous government regulations.  The Airport Operators are stipulated to control the pollution and for the accountability of air quality that might affect public health. The main objective of this study is to establish a model for the distribution of air pollutants and to predict their concentrations generated by the runway and apron operations at Sam Ratulangi International Airport (Manado) until 2024, in accordance with the airport expansion program. The data was collected in the airport surrounding area in 2018, while the climate data over a span of 10 years, from 2009 to 2018, was obtained from Sam Ratulangi Meteorological Station. The modeling on dispersion of air pollutant gases was developed by the Gaussian Plume Equation. The simulation was performed using AERMOD software, and the results visualized by GIS software. AERMOD software was recommended by the US-EPA to predict the impact of air pollutants. The results predicted that the maximum concentrations of NO_x; HC; and CO generated by runway activities modeling in 2024 were 250 μg.m^-3; 6.4 μg.m^-3; and 87 μg.m-3 respectively. The results also predicted that the maximum concentrations of NO_x; CO; and PM₁₀ due to apron operational activities in 2024 were 260 μg.m^-3; 892 μg.m^-3; and 2.5 μg.m^-3 respectively. The model predicted that in 2024 the air pollution at Sam Ratulangi International Airport will remain under the limit as defined in Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. To mitigate the future increase in air emissions due to the increase in airport capacity, the recommendation were proposed in the several areas, which were including operation management, technology, policies and airport regulations, as well as the provision of green area.

Keywords

modeling; dispersion,;pollutant

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http://dx.doi.org/10.28989/angkasa.v13i2.949

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