Ekstraksi Kapulaga (Amomum Cardamomum) Menggunakan Metode Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD) : Analisis Optimasi dan Kinetika

Yeni Variyana, Windia Hanifah, Yeni Ria Wulandari, Iyappateya Gelegar

Submitted : 2023-10-06, Published : 2023-11-06.

Abstract

Penggunaan microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) perlu diterapkan untuk menciptakan green technique pada ekstraksi biji kapulaga (Amomum cardamomum) dari Lampung. Kondisi operasi dengan daya microwave 300, 450, dan 600 W; rasio F/S 0,1; 0,15; 0,2 g/ml; waktu ekstraksi 30,60, dan 90 menit; ukuran bahan baku dihaluskan (serbuk ± 5 mesh). Selanjutnya, optimasi titik optimum dari yield ekstraksi menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Dari hasil penelitian melaporkan bahwa ekstraksi minyak kapulaga menggunakan metode MAHD dengan yield tertinggi pada variabel daya microwave 600 W, F/S 0,15 g/ml, dan waktu ekstraksi selama 90 menit sebesar 3,2423%. Penentuan kondisi optimum melalui desain RSM pada ekstraksi minyak kapulaga yaitu 503,650 W, 0,119 g/ml, dan 81 menit sebesar 3,332%. Adanya respon model dari RSM melaporkan bahwa error rates antara data eksperimen dengan nilai prediksi <0,05%. Selain itu, analisis kinetika ekstraksi model kinetika orde satu mampu menggambarkan hasil eksperimen secara efektif dalam proses ekstraksi minyak kapulaga dengan metode MAHD.

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